Specific of the Assimilation Surface of Columnar Apple-Tree

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the anatomical structure of leaves and clean productivity of photosynthesis (CPP) of assimilation surface plants of different originally columned cultivars of an apple-tree in the conditions of Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The objects of research served seven columnar cultivars in plantings of primary varietal apple. According to the results of the study, the leaves of all varieties grown in the Kyiv region are found to contain three layers of palisade fabric, the thickness of which varied by cultivar. Much less control (cv. Bolero) it was the Favorite, the Tantsivnytsia, the President, the largest – in the leaves of the cultivar Bilosnizhka (124.1 microns). The ratio of palisade tissue to spongy was 1.13–1.24. The varietal difference in parameters was detected the assimilation surface and its main parameters are revealed photosynthetic activity. The highest level of clean productivity of photosynthesis leaves is observed in plants of the currency Valiuta, Bilosnizhka and Favorite – 9.1–13.9 g/m² per day. In the Bolero, Sparta and Tantsivnytsia cultivars, the rate of dry matter accumulation is slightly lower (8.3–8.7 g/m²). The specificity of complex fruit formations of trees of the studied cultivars varied depending on age sections of the trunk. A comprehensive assessment of the morphophysiological components was found to be investigated varieties differ in potential productivity and efficiency of its realization in economic harvest.